[Objectives] To investigate the clinical effect of 360 °posterior cervical foramen enlargement and decompression under percutaneous endoscope in the treatment of cervical intervertebral foramen stenosis. [Methods] From December 2014 to September 2018, 31 patients with cervical intervertebral foramen stenosis were treated by posterior endoscopic 360 °intervertebral foramen dilatation and decompression. The operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, complications and hospitalization time were observed. Japanese orthopaedic surgery (Japanese Orthopaedic Association, JOA) score, visual simulation score (visual analog scale,VAS), cervical vertebra mobility (range of motion,ROM), intervertebral space height were used. And the stability of cervical spine surgery segment to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cervical spine surgery. [Results] The operative time (69.97-15.14) min, intraoperative blood loss (21.32-5.97) mL, hospital stay (6.13-1.45) d, follow-up of 8-46 months, mean 23.59-9.48 months. The postoperative JOA score was significantly higher, the postoperative VAS score was significantly lower, and the difference between the postoperative VAS score and the pre-operation was statistically significant (P <0.05); the height of the postoperative cervical ROM and the intervertebral space was not significantly changed before operation (P> 0.05), and the last after operation. There was no instability of cervical spine segment in follow-up. [Conclusions] Endoscopic 360 °intervertebral foramen dilatation and decompression under posterior cervical endoscopy has the advantages of less trauma, faster recovery, complete decompression and remarkable curative effect. It is a minimally invasive, safe and effective method for the treatment of cervical intervertebral foramen stenosis.