[Objective] To evaluate the clinical application and early curative effect of oblique lumbar interbody fusion in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis.[Methods] This study retrospectively analyzed the case datas of 53 patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis in our hospital from January 2016 to May 2018.Among which,28 cases underwent oblique lumbar Interbody fusion(OLIF group) and 25 cases underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PLIF group).The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,incision length and hospital stay were recorded. The clinical effects were evaluated using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index(ODI).The radiographic parameters were evaluated using the lumbar scoliosis cobb angle, sagittal balance (SVA), C7PL and CSCL distance (CVA，coronal plane balance),height of intervertebral space, upper-lower diameter of intervertebral foramen, intervertebral foramen area,etc.[Results] The average follow-up time was (24.38±5.58) months (15～40months).The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,incision length and hospital stay of the OLIF group were shorter than the PLIF group（P＜0.05）.The VAS scores for back pain,the ODI of the two groups were significantly decreased,which compared with the preoperative（P＜0.05），which in OLIF group was significantly more decreased than in PLIF（P＜0.05）at 3 days postoperatively,but at the last follow-up there were no significant difference between the two groups（P＞0.05）.The lumbar scoliosis Cobb angle, sagittal balance (SVA), C7PL and CSCL distance (CVA，coronal plane balance) were significantly improved after surgery for both groups, there were no significant difference between the two groups（P＞0.05）.The height of intervertebral space and intervertebral foramen, intervertebral foramen area of the two groups were significantly increased, which compared with the preoperative（P＜0.05）, but the OLIF group was more increased than the PLIF group（P＜0.05）.The overall complicationrate（52%）was slightly higher in the PLIF group than in the OLIF group（35.72%）without significant difference（x2=1.426,P=0.276）.But the incidence of major complications in the PLIF group was significantly higher than that in the OLIF group(P=0.012). [Conclusion] Treatment of adult degenerative lumbar scoliosis with oblique lateral lumbar interbody fusion is an alternative minimally invasive treatment and it has the characteristics of small incision, quick recovery, and fewer complications related to the surgical approach. The early efficacy is worthy of recognition, but long-term efficacy requires further follow-up.