不同内固定治疗TKA术后KimⅠB型骨折的有限元分析
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,Henan Provincial Luoyang Orthopaedic Hospital

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Finite element analysis of Kim I B type supracondylar fracture of femur after total knee arthroplasty with different internal fixation
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Henan Provincial Luoyang Orthopaedic Hospital

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    摘要:

    目的 利用三维有限元分析的方法,比较髓内钉、单锁定钢板、双锁定板三种固定方式对 全膝关节置换术后股骨髁上骨折骨折断端稳定及膝关节股骨假体的应力分布的影响。方法 将志愿者的股骨CT图片及股骨假体的扫描数据,导入Mimics Research 16.0及Geomagic Studio2012拟合出完整实体模型。在Cero3.0中设计股骨远端外侧锁定板、普通锁定板、螺钉、股骨远端髓内钉,将之与膝关节假体、股骨装配,构成单钢板组(股骨远端外侧锁定板+KIM 1B型骨折)、髓内钉组(股骨远端髓内钉+KIM 1B型骨折)、双钢板组(股骨远端外侧锁定板+股骨远端内侧锁定板+KIM 1B型骨折)三个模型。在Hypermesh 13.0中划分单元并赋予材料属性。在Abaqus6.14中将股骨远端面为边界条件进行约束,加载单足站立、单足站立+扭转、双足站立三种载荷,计算膝关节假体内外侧髁的Mises应力、股骨骨折断端应力及最大位移。结果 (1)三组模型中内固定应力比较,单钢板组明显大于双钢板组及髓内钉组(P<0.05),髓内钉组与双钢板组之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。(2)骨折端位移量比较:三组组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中单钢板组明显大于髓内钉组和双钢板组(P<0.01),髓内钉组和双钢板组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)股骨内外髁应力比较:股骨外髁应力单钢板组明显高于髓内钉组和双钢板组(P<0.05),髓内钉组与双钢板组之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。股骨内髁应力三组之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论 有限元分析能够客观的显示不同载荷下内固定、骨折端及假体的受力情况,在髓内钉、单锁定钢板、双锁定钢板三种固定方式中,髓内钉与双锁定钢板不仅有利于股骨髁上骨折骨折断端稳定,而且能够减小单纯外侧锁定钢板引起股骨假体内外侧髁应力差异,有利于假体的稳定。

    Abstract:

    Objective To compare intramedullary nail, singal locking plate and double locking plate used in distal femoral fractures complicating total knee arthroplasty by finite element analysis. Methods The femur CT images of the volunteers and the data of the posterior stable knee joint prosthesis were imported into Mimics Research 16.0 and Geomagic Studio2012 to reconstructed entity model. In Cero3.0, the lateral locking plate of distal femur, common locking plate, intramedullary nail were designed and assemblied with the above model. Three models were constituted including the single plate group (distal lateral femoral locking plate + KIM 1 b fractures), the intramedullary nailing group (distal femoral intramedullary nailing + KIM 1 b fractures), the double plates group (distal lateral femoral locking plate + distal medial femoral locking plate + KIM 1 b fractures) .All models were divided into C3D4 units and given the material properties in Hypermesh 13.0. The boundary conditions were constrained on the distal end of femoral prosthesis and the load including 500N,500n+20N.M and 430N were added on the femur head in Abaqus6.14. The stress and maximum displacement at the femur fracture and the lateral condyle were calculated. Results (1) the stress in single plate group was significantly larger than the double plates group and the intramedullary nailing group(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the intramedullary nailing group and the double plates group (P>0.05). (2)the displacement of the fractures end were significantly difference among the three fixations (P<0.05), the single plate group were bigger than the intramedullary nail group and the double plates group (P<0.01), there were no difference in the intramedullary nailing group and double plates group (P>0.05). (3) The lateral femoral condylar stress in the single plate group was significantly higher than the intramedullary nailing group and the double plates group (P<0.05). there was no significant difference between the intramedullary nailing group and the double plates group (P>0.05), and also there was no significant difference in the medial femoral condylar among the three groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion The finite element analysis could objectively show the stress distribution of internal fixation, fracture end and prosthesis under different loads. Among the three fixtions, the intramedullary nail and double locking plate is not only beneficial to the stability of fracture ,but also could significantly reduce the stress on the lateral femoral condyle, and it is good for the stability of the prosthesis.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-07-30
  • 最后修改日期:2019-09-20
  • 录用日期:2019-09-30
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