To study he clinical efficacy of one stage surgical treatment for concomitant rotator cuff tears with primary frozen shoulder through arthroscopy .Methods From July 2015 to January2018, 77 patients with primary frozen shoulder combined with middle and small rotator cuff tears were randomly divided into conservative group (38 cases) and arthroscopy group(39 cases) . The patients in the conservative group were treated with corticosteroid hormone and injected into the subacromial bursa and the glenohumeral joint. And the patients in the arthroscopy group were treated through arthroscopiy, including the cleaning of the glenohumeral joint and thesubacromial bursa, the loosening of the ligaments and joint capsule around the glenohumeral joint and the repair of the rotator cuff injury. The visual analogue scale (VAS), Constant-Murley score and the range of motion ( ROM) of the shoulder were compared. Results In conservative group, VAS score was significantly decreased compared with pre-treatment after the 4th week , the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in Constant-Murley score (P >0.05); the shoulder joint function score improved significantly compared with at the 8th and 12th week post-treatment (P<0.01).In arthroscopy group, in the 4th week after operation, VAS score and Constant-Murley score was significantly better than the conservative group (P <0.01), the shoulder joint function improvement mainly concentrated in the first 4 weeks, compared with preoperative (P <0.01), in the 12th weeks,there was no statistically significant difference compared wiht the contralateral shoulder (P>0.05). The excellent rate of the conservative group was 68.41%, the excellent rate in the arthroscopy group was 92.31%, and the two groups had a statistically significant difference (P <0.01).Conclusion For patients with the primary frozen shoulder combined with rotator cuff tears, one stage cleaning of inflammatory synovium , loosening of the ligaments around the shoulder and repairing of the injured rotator cuff through the arthroscopy could restore the function of shoulder joint early and shorten the course of disease.