[Objective] Brachial plexus and cervical cord are imaged by magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) to clarify the position relationship between the herniation of the cervical intervertebral disc and the cervical nerve. Thus, the disc can be accurately preoperatively positioned and precise intraoperative decompression can be guided. [Method]44 patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR) who were to undergo posterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy (PPECD) underwent brachial plexus MRN scanning to reconstruct three-dimensional images and observe the position of cervical nerve compressed by cervical disc herniation. Confirming in PPECD and comparison of the differences between PPECD and MRN. The operation time and complications were recorded, and the Visual Analog Scale score and Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score of preoperative, postoperative, and 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after the operation and 1 year improvement rate of JOA score were also recorded. [Result] A total of 9.31% (46/58) of the herniation of the cervical intervertebral disc are located in the anterior part of the cervical nerve root, 12.01% (7/58) are located in the shoulder, and 8.62% (5/58) are located in the axillary region. We found that preoperative localization by brachial plexus MRN is inconsistent with intraoperative localization in 1cases. Three patients with sensory hypofunction of the upper limb and one patient with muscle weakness of the upper limb after operation were observed. All patients recovered completely 3 months after the operation. [Conclusion] We found that the preoperative localization of the herniation of the cervical intervertebral disc by brachial plexus MRN is a reliable new method, and most of the herniation of the cervical disc are anterior. This method can help surgeons accurately locate the disc herniation before operation and decompress during operation.