胫后动脉穿支筋膜蒂皮瓣的部分坏死因素分析
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中南大学湘雅二医院

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国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目,重点项目,重大项目)


Analysis of influencing factors on partial necrosis of posterior tibial artery perforator-plus fasciocutaneous flap
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Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University

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    摘要:

    [目的] 回顾性分析胫后动脉穿支筋膜蒂皮瓣发生部分坏死的影响因素。[方法] 总结我科2007年09月~2017年09月所行59例胫后动脉穿支筋膜蒂皮瓣的资料,评估皮瓣的疗效,分析患者因素、术者因素和皮瓣因素对该皮瓣部分坏死率的影响。[结果] 59例皮瓣完全成活50例(84.75%),创面均愈合良好;部分坏死9例(15.25%),经二期缝合(1例),植皮(3例),或另行局部皮瓣转位(5例)后创面愈合。成活组皮瓣和部分坏死组皮瓣相比,性别、年龄、软组织缺损部位、筋膜蒂的长和宽、瓣部长、皮瓣长宽比、皮瓣近端位置、旋转点的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。成活组皮瓣瓣部宽度和皮瓣全长均小于部分坏死组,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);瓣部宽度<6cm的皮瓣部分坏死率(0/18,0.00%)小于瓣部宽度≥6cm的皮瓣部分坏死率(9/41, 21.95%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistics回归分析结果显示:瓣部的宽度是影响皮瓣部分坏死的独立相关危险因素。[结论] 胫后动脉穿支筋膜蒂皮瓣能有效修复小腿中下段和足踝部中下段和足踝部中小面积创面。当皮瓣瓣部宽度超过6cm时,皮瓣的部分坏死率显著增高。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The aim of this paper is to analyze the influencing factors on the partial necrosis of the posterior tibial artery perforator-plus fasciocutaneous flap. [Methods] We retrospectively reviewed the data of 59 patients with soft tissue defects reconstructed using the posterior tibial artery perforator-plus fasciocutaneous flap between September 2007 and September 2017. The efficacy of the flap was evaluated. The patient factors, surgeon factors and flap factors were compared between the survival flaps and the partial-necrosis flaps. [Results] There were 50 flaps(84.75%) surviving completely. Partial necrosis occurred in 9 (15.25%) flaps, of which remanent defects were covered successfully by secondary suture (n=1), skin grafting (n=3), or transferring other regional flaps (n=5). There were no significant differences in gender, age, soft tissue defect site, length and width of fascia pedicle, length of skin island, length-width ratio (LWR), location of top-edge, and location of pivot point of the flap between the survival group and the partial necrosis group (P>0.05). The width of the skin island and the length of the flap in the survival group were significantly smaller than those in the partial necrosis group (p<0.05). The partial necrosis rate (0/18, 0.00%) of the flap with the width of skin island < 6 cm was less than that (9/41, 21.95%) with the width of skin island ≥ 6 cm, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The results of multi-factor logistics regression analysis showed that the width of the skin island was an independent risk factor affecting the partial necrosis of the flap. [Conclusions] The posterior tibial artery perforator-plus fasciocutaneous flap can be effectively used to repair the small and medium area wounds of the lower and middle leg, ankle and foot. When the width of the skin island is more than 6 cm, the partial necrosis rate of the flap is significantly increased.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-05-02
  • 最后修改日期:2019-05-02
  • 录用日期:2019-07-04
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