[Objective] Based on the results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging examination, the correlation between rotator cuff injury and humeral head capsule was discussed and analyzed. [Method] A total of 200 MRI patients who underwent MRI scan of the shoulder joint in the Chinese Medicine Hospital affiliated to Southwest Medical University and reported rotator cuff injury from October 2017 to April 2019 were enrolled. The results of the examination were processed and measured using the PACS system. Parameters: gender, age, affected side tendon, distance from the dead point of rotator cuff to the injury point, depth of injury, length of injury, presence or absence of humeral head capsule change, and humeral head capsule change area. [Result] The incidence of supraspinatus tendon with humeral head capsule was significantly higher than that of other tendons, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The injury length of the infraorbital tendon was longer than that of the supraspinatus tendon and the small round tendon, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The length of the supraspinatus tendon injury was positively correlated with the size of the humeral head capsule. The longer the lesion length, the larger the cystic area (r=0.335, P<0.05). [Conclusion] The injury of the supraspinatus tendon is closely related to the change of the humeral head capsule. The length of the supraspinatus tendon injury is positively correlated with the variable area of the humeral head capsule.