[Objective]To compare percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) and balloon Kyphoplasty(PKP),Vesselplasty in the treatment of fresh osteoporatic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF),and clinical effect;To select the best surgical approach to improve the treatment of fresh osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.[Method]526 cases of fresh osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were treated with PVP,PKP and VESSEL,the three groups were recorded after surgery and 1 month after surgery VAS,postoperative vertebral kyphotic angle,anterior vertebral height.[Result]The operation was performed successfully without serious complication. VAS score was significantly different compared with the preoperation(P<0.05) in PVP,PKP and VESSEL, and there was no significant difference among the three groups after surgery and 1 month after surgery(P>0.05).PKP andVESSEL in the postoperative vertebral kyphotic angle,vertebral height restoration of anterior vertebral is better than PVP,but there was no significant difference between PKP and VESSEL (P>0.05).In the bone cement leakage:the incidence of VESSEL group was lower than that of PKP group and PVP group.[Result]PVP,PKP ,Vesselplasty all achieved satisfactory clinical effect in the treatment of fresh osteoporatic vertebral compression fractures. Vesselplasty did not cause bone cement leakage in the treatment of fresh osteoporatic vertebral compression fractures，so vesselplasty provides a safer operation in the treatment of fresh osteoporatic vertebral compression fractures.