[Abstract] Objective To investigate the classification, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, imaging features, diagnosis and treatment of cervical osteochondroma. Methods From June 2006 to now, 5 patients with cervical osteochondroma were treated in our department. All patients underwent early surgical treatment. All patients were followed up for different periods of time after operation to evaluate the recovery of neurological function and to observe the effect after operation. Results All the 5 cases were followed up for 2 to 15 months, and the results were satisfactory. Conclusion Because of the complex anatomical structure of cervical spine, we should adopt a more active treatment attitude. Whether a single osteochondroma growing outside the spinal canal or all osteochondromas growing inside the spinal canal should be resected actively after discovery, so as to avoid the difficulty of resection or aggravation of nerve damage, or even recurrence and malignancy, and complete resection should be done again for the relapsed patients.